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TCTAP C-114

Presenter

Chun Lin Raymond Cheung

Authors

Chun Lin Raymond Cheung1, Ho Lam1

Affiliation

Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China1,
View Study Report
TCTAP C-114
CORONARY - Complications

A Calcium Nodule over mLAD

Chun Lin Raymond Cheung1, Ho Lam1

Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong, China1,

Clinical Information

Patient initials or Identifier Number

Mr. L

Relevant Clinical History and Physical Exam

Mr. L is a 63-year-old patient admitted to our hospital in October 2020 for Left Main pattern STEMI with VT/VF arrest. He is a chronic smoker, and his CT coronary angiogram done in September 2020 showed TVD with a significant calcium score with multiple calcified plaques along coronary arteries.  
He was found collapse on floor after arguing with colleagues.
AED attached by colleague showed suspected VT but no shock given.
While ambulance arrived, he had undetectable BP, but pulse present.
No VT noted. No CPR all along. No shock given.
GCS remained 3/15 since 1st medical assessment.
He was intubated in AED.

Relevant Test Results Prior to Catheterization

ECG on admission: Sinus tachycardia, STE over aVR with diffuse ST depression
CXR: Clear, no widened mediastinum
V-scan: poor echogenicity, LVEF 50%, no RWMA, mild TR, no pericardial effusion
CT brain showed no ICH/ SOL/ MLS
He was transferred to CCU for further care
He had an episode of VF in ward and given 1 shock, revert back to sinus
GCS improved the next day after admission, E4VTM5

Relevant Catheterization Findings

He had Coro/PCI done the next day 12/10/2020LMS: normal
LAD: pLAD 90% stenosis, mLAD critical stenosis at D2 bifurcation, TIMI III flow
LCX: pLCx critical stenosis, followed by dLCx moderates stenosis at OM2 bifurcation, TIMI III flow
RCA: pRCA CTO with collateral supply, followed by a relatively normal mRCA segment then followed by CTO
Conclusion: Severe TVD
He is planned for PCI to left system and staged PCI to RCA

Interventional Management

Procedural Step

PCI was started with LAD.JL 3.5 Hyperion 7F was used to engage LM.
Fielder XT-R was used to wire to dLAD, then exchanged to Runthrough NS with Caravel.
Guideline Plus was used for guiding extension support.
There was difficulty in passing through balloon or IVUS through the mLAD lesion.
Abbott Dragonfly Opstar was used for lesion assessment at LAD. It showed a calcified nodule at mLAD.
It was decided to proceed to stenting to dLAD first and LCX before dealing with mLAD in the end.Sequentially LAD was dilated with Ryurei 1.5/15, Sapphire 1.5/15, Ikazichi 1.0/6, Raiden 1.5/8 & Raiden 2.0/10Coroflex 2.0/16 was deployed at mLAD at 16 atm.
Orsiro 2.5/30 was deployed at pLAD at 22 atm.
PSHP with Pantera Leo 2.5/15 at 20-24 atm.
Angiogram showed dissection at mLAD.
Coroflex 2.5/19 was deployed at m-dLAD at 10 atm.
PSHP to mLAD with Ryurei 2.5/10 at 16 atm. PSHP to pLAD with Raiden 3.0/15 at 20 atm.
 
After that, LCx was stented.
Sion was used to wire to dLCx, which was predilated with Raiden 2.0/10 at 12 atm.
Orsiro 2.5/30 was deployed at p-dLCx at 12 atm.
Orsiro 3.0/13 was deployed at pLCx (overlapping) at 12 atm.
PSHP to mLCx with NC Pantera Leo 2.5/15 at 22 atm.
PSHP to pLCx with NC Sapphire 2.75/15 at 20-24 atm.
 
Finally, it came to ostial LAD stenting.
Abbott Dragonfly Opstar was used for lesion assessment at LAD. It showed a calcified nodule at mLAD causing malapposition of stent and dissection flap.
mLAD lesion was again dilated with Shockwave 3.0/12 at 6 atm for 4 times then Accuforce 3.0/15 at 18-22 atm.
Coroflex 3.5/12 was deployed at ostial-pLAD at 14 atm.
OCT showed good apposition of stent, good expansion.
The final angiogram showed satisfactory angiographical results, TIMI III flow. Very mild dissection at mLAD (covered with stent already)
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Case Summary

The patient had successful PTCA/S to ostial-dLAD with 4DES (shockwave assisted), p-dLCx with 2 DES. He was planned for stage PCI to RCACTO. He was eventually extubated and discharged home.
This case illustrated a scenario in which there is difficulty in balloon dilatation in mLAD stenosis. Subsequently, it was found with the use of OCT the culprit was a calcium nodule around the mLAD, which was quite different from intraluminal plaques we encountered usually. The LCX and dLAD were stented beforehand for stabilization before dealing with the difficult part in mLAD. Shockwave balloon was used to pass through the lesion. Finally, the mLAD was successfully stented with good angiographical result. In the case of complex PCI, good planning is important to success. Imaging modalities, such as IVUS or OCT can help us in identifying the nature of lesion and planning so as to decide the strategy for the procedure.